去中心化互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念并不新鮮。Hyphanet 和 Tor 等項目是創(chuàng)建去中心化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的早期嘗試。最近，基于區(qū)塊鏈的計劃如 IPFS（星際文件系統(tǒng)）和 Filecoin 應(yīng)運而生。然而，這些努力面臨著重大挑戰(zhàn)。主要障礙是需要廣泛的物理基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 - 服務(wù)器、路由器和高帶寬連接 - 以匹配傳統(tǒng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商的穩(wěn)健性和速度。

這篇專欄文章是 CoinDesk 新推出的 DePIN Vertical 的一部分，涵蓋了去中心化物理基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的新興行業(yè)。

人們經(jīng)常忽視的是我們已經(jīng)擁有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，而這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以為全球網(wǎng)絡(luò)的使用和支持方式帶來一場大規(guī)模革命。最重要的是，我們不需要再考慮口袋里的其他設(shè)備了。

當(dāng)今的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

我們所熟知的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大部分都建立在大型科技公司擁有的傳統(tǒng)集中式服務(wù)器上。然而，2024 年，一種新的模式正在興起。

去中心化物理基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò) (DePIN) 是基于區(qū)塊鏈的數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng)，是現(xiàn)有架構(gòu)的替代方案。盡管它們之間存在差異，但它們?nèi)詾橛嬎隳芰同F(xiàn)實世界信息等基本服務(wù)提供可比的結(jié)果。這是因為 DePIN 網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用加密貨幣補償形式的激勵措施來實現(xiàn)與傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施一樣有效甚至更有效的眾包基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

眾包基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施并不是一個全新的概念，但在很多情況下，這些系統(tǒng)的去中心化程度存在一個限制因素。這是因為它們通常需要設(shè)置和維護特定的昂貴硬件才能參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)。這一障礙限制了真正參與的人數(shù)或企業(yè)數(shù)量，同時也鼓勵鯨魚建立中心化農(nóng)場，最終導(dǎo)致與我們現(xiàn)在的情況相差無幾的局面。

閱讀更多：Scott Foo - 歡迎來到 DePIN 夏季活動

好消息是，情況不必一直如此。如果我們利用大多數(shù)人口袋里已有的處理能力和去中心化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，而不是讓潛在用戶購買新硬件，會怎么樣？有了這樣的模型，網(wǎng)絡(luò)將允許任何人利用他們的智能手機或類似設(shè)備來協(xié)助運行節(jié)點。如果構(gòu)建正確，這可以為 DePIN 服務(wù)的運行提供足夠的資源，同時產(chǎn)生貢獻獎勵池，以繼續(xù)激勵參與和增長。

我們已經(jīng)有了設(shè)備

In 2023, it was estimated that about 69% of the world’s population already used smartphones to access the internet. This number is expected to grow, with these devices getting more powerful each year. Collectively, they can provide the raw processing power to allow for a new type of content delivery network that powers the information superhighway. Not only does this take control of these services away from major companies, but it also stands to solve issues plaguing the current internet, such as downtime.

APhone demonstrates this concept by transforming any smart device into a Web3 smartphone through a browser-based application. It utilizes Aethir's decentralized cloud technology to provide computational power by distributing processing tasks across a network, allowing users to access increased GPU capabilities, expanded storage, and additional RAM without overburdening their local hardware. This enables any device to function as a virtual smartphone, capable of running resource-intensive applications and storing large amounts of data independently of the physical device's limitations.

DePINs would be almost impossible to take down, as they would be formed by a globally distributed network of nodes and operators. This would mean essential services couldn’t be easily taken offline, centralized, or censored, due to attack or human error, improving data availability for all the apps built on them.

Read more: Max Thake - DePIN: It's Time for Crypto to Get Real

DePINs expand inclusivity. What this means is the barrier to entry would become so low that virtually anyone in the world could get involved. Almost everyone in the world can afford some form of smartphone, and more importantly, they aren’t buying them with an expectation of a return. With this technology, individuals and companies could utilize their spare processing power and be compensated for doing so. Instead of a handful of data giants making all the money from providing services, now that revenue would be much more equitably spread across everyone supporting the network. The infrastructure is already in place, all that needs to happen is a software upgrade.

The future is DePIN

We are right at the beginning of this paradigm shift. Multiple DePIN projects are being developed and will soon gain traction, creating a feedback loop as the benefits of this technology become more widely understood. According to a 2023 report from Messari, the market potential for DePIN stood at an estimated $2.2 trillion last year and is projected to go as high as $3.5 trillion by 2028. There’s every reason to believe this space has sustainable momentum.

在不久的將來，我們可以看到一個去中心化的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，它由我們每天用來訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的設(shè)備提供支持。在這種情況下，所有用戶只要參與這個解決方案，就能獲得基本的被動收入。這可能會徹底改變互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對普通人的意義，讓每個人都在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中擁有特定的利益，同時從大公司手中奪取控制權(quán)。

DePIN 是一個非常年輕的新技術(shù)分支。現(xiàn)在說它在未來幾年的采用情況如何還為時過早。重要的是要意識到，很多基礎(chǔ)工作已經(jīng)到位。沒有必要“重新發(fā)明輪子”，只需利用現(xiàn)有的資源即可。

利用已滲透全球各個文化的智能手機網(wǎng)絡(luò)，將實現(xiàn)一種全新、公平、有彈性的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)形式。所需要的只是廣泛采用一種利用眾包基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的基于軟件的解決方案。看起來這可能指日可待。

注意：本專欄中表達的觀點為作者的觀點，并不一定反映 CoinDesk, Inc. 或其所有者和附屬公司的觀點。

熱點：基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施